Essay on Three Things I Will Hate to Lose - 745 Words

Im not usually an attached person when it comes to material things. All my life Ive been moving in so many directions. I never had a steady home, so I lost a lot of things, sometimes not even realizing theyre gone until months later. There are few objects that I really care about because they bring back memories and they make me happy. There are amazing things behind them. These objects tell stories and help identify who I am. The first thing Id hate to lose is my jar of paper butterflies. About 5 years ago, I was sitting at my computer checking emails and listening to one of my favorite bands; Coldplay. I got the urge to google them, and consequently found that they were about to start touring in the United States. I immediately†¦show more content†¦The customers and the restaurant were really fun, and I met cool people all the time. One night I was working downstairs in the restaurant area, and I met Daniel. Daniel was tall with a beautiful smile. It was a busy night, and he sat at the table in front of me and ordered some food. Before leaving the restaurant, he asked me for my email address. He wrote me a few days later to tell me that he lived in New York, and he was only in New Jersey to visit his grandpa. He also mentioned that he was moving to Washington DC soon. I visited him a few times after he moved to DC. We developed an interesting friendship, but we had very different lifestyles. He visited Costa Rica, and I went to see him when he returned. That night we talked, laughed, ate good food, and at the end of the night he gave me a beautiful necklace made up of little blue stones. He bought it for me in Costa Rica. I actually didnt wear it at first, and a few weeks later I found it in my closet. I put it on for the first time and it looked stunning. It reminds me of fun. The third thing Id hate to lose is my 2007-2011 photo album. Ive always loved taking pictures because I believe that as soon as you press that button on your camera, you freeze every second and every feeling in that instance, and when you reveal those pictures its like you have a time machine to reveal the past. When I moved to the United States for the first time, when I was 20, the first place I landed was Tampa, Florida.Show MoreRelatedPersonal Narrative : My Mom And Dad Essay1219 Words   |  5 Pagesbe active and outside. My mother and father go together like icing and cupcakes, but despite their compatible traits, like being sporty, they have very different personalities and views. Ever since I can remember my mom has always been in great shape. She loves to be outside and play sports. When I was five she started a summer volleyball league, and recently she started a winter league as well. She plays volleyball year round and it keeps her in great shape. 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Taking a Look at Breast Cancer - 955 Words

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women in the United States, after lung cancer. Every year, millions of women over the age of 40 go in for a routine mammogram to help prevent terminal breast cancer by early prognosis. While some very fortunate women will never actually be diagnosed with this cancer, they still undergo this medical test routinely. However, for every eight women there is one that will be diagnosed with some form of breast cancer in their life. It seems as though it is fairly simple; for a known high risk disease, women should take every precaution necessary, such as a mammogram. According to Canadian researchers, and other skeptics, this is not the case. They believe that mammograms may be doing more harm than good, and maybe women should stick to self-exams as opposed to a diagnostic test. This can seem troubling to most women who have been taught for years the importance of their yearly mammogram. So what is the problem? Over 240,000 women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in 2014 and it is estimated that 40,000 will not survive this terrible disease. Although these numbers seem daunting, believe it or not, breast cancer survival rates are actually on the incline. Many researchers and doctors believe this is due to the advances in treatment of cancers and in earlier detection which is the key in fighting almost any cancer; early detection. Women are taught to do monthly self-examinations to detect anything ‘out of theShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Breast Cancer1760 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the Cancer Facts and Figures 2014 by the American Cancer Society, an estimated number of 232,670 women in the United States will be diagnosed with breast cancer, and about 2,360 new cases are expected in men. Breast cancer will possibly cause death to more than 40,000 female patients and 400 male patients in 2014. 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LOreal in India free essay sample

Table of Content Table of Content3 Executive Summary4 Company Introduction5 Indian Cosmetic Market5 L’Oreal in India6 Product7 Factors influencing Consumer Decisions8 Culture9 Personal Factors9 Changing Demographics9 Demand for Luxury Cosmetic Brands:9 Cosmetics for Men:10 Perceptions10 Colour Selection:10 Fair Skin Syndrome :10 Beliefs and Attitudes11 Harmful chemicals in cosmetics:11 Ayurvedic/Herbal Products are good for the skin :11 Social Factors12 Boom in Salon Care :12 Bollywood Influence on Cosmetic Industry :13 Packaging :13 Trends:13 Hair Care and styling:14 Conclusion15 References16 Executive Summary Cosmetic industry is one of the most profitable businesses globally. Over the past 15 years the cosmetic market has grown on average by 4. 5% a year. Resulting from the natural increase in the population and the raising levels of income in a large number of countries there is a huge potential for further growth in the cosmetic markets globally. However, the sales growth in mature markets in the western world is slowing and the focus is now shifting to the east. We will write a custom essay sample on LOreal in India or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the past 10 years due to improvements in the overall Human Development Index and per capita income most emerging markets particularly the BRIMC (Brazil, Russia, India, Mexico, China) there is more awareness of personal hygiene and more consciousness about personal grooming. Cosmetic producers and distributors globally have identified this potential and are expanding their businesses in to these new markets. With the increase in per capita income, urbanization , awareness about personal grooming and changing lifestyles India’s cosmetic market has huge development potential. With the demand for cosmetics increasing Indian markets are opening up to more and more multinational cosmetic companies. Since the liberalization many international brands like Avon, Burberrys, Calvin Klein, Cartier, Christian Dior, Estee Lauder, Elizabeth Arden, Lancome, Chambor, Coty, LOreal, Oriflame, Revlon, LOreal, Yardley, Wella, Schwarzkopf, Escada, Nina Ricci, Rochas, Yves St. Laurent and Japanese cosmetics company, Shiseido have entered the Indian market. (State of Israel Ministry of Industry Trade Labour) L’Oreal founded in France is at present the world’s largest cosmetic producer by revenue. L’Oreal’s global network is very well established in emerging markets and is at present contributing to 33% of the sales. L’Oreal entered the India in 1990 and at present is one of the key foreign players in the Indian cosmetic Market. It is a challenge for any company to be successful in international markets as the factors affecting consumers buying decisions vary from one market to the other. The purpose of this assignment is to conduct a survey to explore the factors influencing Indian consumers purchasing decision of cosmetics and how L’Oreal has addressed these factors. Company Introduction The L’Oreal group was created in 1909 by a French chemist Eugene Schueller. By 1950 the company had acquired 100 products was present in Holland, Austria and Italy. Soon they expanded their business to US, South America, Russia and Far East. At present the L’Oreal group is the worlds largest cosmetic and beauty company represented in 130 different countries and owns a wide brand portfolio of 500 different brands providing diverse products ranging from hair colour, permanents, styling aids, body and skin care, cleansers and fragrances. writing service contracts L’Oreal also well known for its research and development work in the dermatological industry. 3% of its sales revenue is spent on research on cosmetology and dermatological research. It is also active in dermatological and pharmaceutical field and at present is the largest nanotechnology patent holder in the US. The distribution channels are diverse from hair salons to super markets and hypermarkets, health and beauty outlets and direct mail. Indian Cosmetic Market The total size of the Indian retail beauty and cosmetic market stands at U. S. 950 million, showing growth between 15-20 percent per year. This is twice as fast as the growth rate of United States and European Markets. The overall beauty and wellness market that includes beauty services stands at about $2,680 million. (Bhattacharya, 2007). Premium brands that are globally recognized are gaining acceptance amongst the Indian consumers as their exposure to these products have increased rapidly during the past few year s. The latest trends demonstrates that middle and high class Indian people spend a large portion of their money in cosmetic product or service. According to the latest Euromonitor report the Indian color cosmetic market stands at $4113. 4 million and skin care at $346. 9 million (Bhattacharya, 2007). Even with such high growth rates the per capita consumption of cosmetics in India is $0. 68 which is very low when compared to other Asian countries $ 40 in Hong Kong, $ 10 in Malaysia and Taiwan, 12 dollars in Japan and 1. 5 dollars of China. (The Times of India, 2008). However, the improvements in the per capita disposable income in India has resulted in cosmetic products to be considered as necessity products rather than Luxury products in the past. The cosmetics industry is dominated by key players who have a strong control on the market. Hindustan Unilever Limited (HUL), Procter Gamble, LOreal, Garnier, Revlon, Maybelline, the group of Godrej, Dabur and Lakme are elements par excellence of this industry. Many multinationals are also introducing product ranges of its international portfolio for the Indian market to capture greater market share. L’Oreal in India L’Oreal 1st entered the booming Indian hair colour market in 1990, in partnership with MU group with the Ultra Doux range of hair care lip care products. L’Oreal set up its wholly-owned Indian subsidiary operation in 1994 with the launch of its GARNIER range of products from the low-end brand of their international portfolio bringing the â€Å"country-of-origin† formula to new markets. Translating from the â€Å"Consumer Product† segment to their â€Å"Professional Products† range, L’Oreal set up the Professional Product division in 1997 and set two development centres in New Delhi and Mumbai to train the salon owners and professional hairdressers. L’Oreal operates in India through four main divisions: consumer products, professional products, active cosmetics and luxury products. The biggest contributor to its revenue in India is the consumer products division led by its strongest brand in terms of sales — Garnier. LOreal products in India are marketed in a variety of distribution channels namely : mass market, pharmacies and salons. With the expansion of its market share LOreal introduced its skin care and make up offerings to India. The rise was also reflected in the change of the subsidiary in India from Indelor to â€Å"L’Oreal India Private Limited†. In 2002, looking at widening the portfolio along with deepening the product lines VICHY was launched of VICHY marking the introduction of â€Å"Active Cosmetics Department† which is a very niche, premium product from LOreal. Over the three years of its presence its coverage is just 80 chemists all over India. LOreal operates three divisions in India, including the Consumer Products Division LOreal Paris,, Maybelline New York and Garnier the Professional Products Division, which manages the salon business, and the Active Cosmetics Division with the Vichy brand of dermo-cosmetics. The main threat that LOreal face s in India comes from not just its direct competitors like Revlon, P, Nivea etc. but also from the traditional wisdom prevailing. So LOreal is fighting to bring in a whole new lifestyle here that requires a change in the way the Indian women think of grooming and also about the expenditure on it. LOreal today is present in over 300 Indian cities accessing 7 international portfolio brands. Registering a amazing double digit growth LOreal looks set to capture the Indian market in the coming years. Product L’Oreal cosmetics are well known amongst women of all ages and have a reputation for providing budget friendly but high quality cosmetic products. L’Oreal group markets 500 brands and more than 2000 products in all the sectors of beauty business. There are cosmetic products of European origin, American origin and Asian Origin. Refer Appendix 1 L’Oreal have a complete selection of cosmetic products including hair colour, skin care, Sun Protection, Make-up, Perfumes and Toiletries. The Product Categories Refer Appendix 2 Consumer products : High technology products offered at competitive prices through mass-market retailing channels ranging from haircare, skincare, make-up and perfume products that meet the aspirations of all of its customers. Professional products: Products created for salon professionals, ranging from colorants, hair care, texturing and styling formulas. Luxury products: Top of the range products made available via selective retail outlets (department stores, perfumeries, travel retail outlets, and the brands own boutiques) providing personalized advice at the point of sale. Active cosmetics : Dermo-cosmetic skin care products that are sold in pharmacies and specialist retailers. These products offer consumers proven safety and effectiveness supported by advice from pharmacists and dermatologists. Factors influencing Consumer Decisions When making a purchase decision there are many factors affecting the consumer’s decision. Most often why consumer by what they buy is deeply rooted in their subconscious as, ninety â€Å"ninety-five percent of the thought, emotion, and learning [that drive our purchases] occur in the unconscious mind- that is without our awareness† (Armstrong et al. 2005) These factors must be taken into consideration in order to reach target consumers effectively (see figure 2. 1) (Kotler et al. 2005). When organizing marketing campaigns organizations look at how their products are positioned against these various factors affecting the purchase decision of the preferred market segment. Marketing products such as L’Ore al cosmetics in a non native foreign market such as India, there are many factors influencing the consumer decision making that are different. Culture One major factor significantly influencing the consumer behavior of an individual is culture. In strict terms , culture is defined as a learned , persuasive , and shared set of orientations within a specific cluster of individuals in a given society (Perner , 2007). European markets being the home market for L’Oreal there is a vast difference between Indian market in terms of history, cultures and level of development. Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs cosmetics meet the esteem needs of people as cosmetic assist them in improving their image to gain acceptance, or to gain social status or social recognition. Esteems needs being high up in the hierarchy of needs, the Indian culture has a huge impact on psychology and consumer purchase decision making process at all levels. Personal Factors Changing Demographics : Unlike many countries where the aging population exceeds the young population creating high dependency ratio, India has a young and rapidly growing population. It is expected that this new generation will result in an overall increase of 70% of Indian GDP. Since increasing number of women in the age group 22 to 45 becoming independent and joining the work force instead being a stay at home moms there is more demand for cosmetic products . These women have the disposable income and the decision making power to buy what they want (Bhattacharya, 2007). This has resulted in high demand for cosmetics in India. With the increasing literacy rate, Indian consumers are becoming more conscious about personal grooming and the demand for high-quality cosmetic products has increased rapidly. Hence, there is a huge demand for world-renowned brands of cosmetic products in India. Demand for Luxury Cosmetic Brands: With the rapidly increasing number of millionaires in India, the market for luxury brands is growing annually at a compound average growth rate (CAGR) 35% especially since the emerging young urban population of India, combined with high disposable income are increasingly looking for lifestyle-oriented and luxury products with an internationally recognized brand. Based on Nielsen Global Luxury Brand study (March 2008) India has the 3rd highest brand conscious population in the world. L’Oreal being an internationally recognized cosmetic brand has introduced luxury product lines such as Lancome, Bodyshop and active cosmetics such as Vichy to India. Cosmetics for Men: Cosmetics and toiletries are not just the domain of women any longer. Men are the emerging market of cosmetic and skin care. (SPC Asia, 2006) Indian men are increasingly taking to the use of more and more body sprays, perfumes and other cosmetics and toiletries. With rising demand from men, the Indian cosmetic market is getting enlarged and many players are coming out with cosmetic products especially skin care products for men. The market size of mens personal care segment is estimated at approximately US$ 165million, with Gillette having the largest market share. Other major players in this segment include Godrej, J. L. Morison and HLL. L’Oreal has introduced their â€Å"Menexpert† and â€Å"Garnier† cosmetic range for this new consumer segment in India. Refer Appendix 3 Perceptions Colour Selection: The culture has an impact on people’s perception of shapes, colours and space. How people interpret different colours can be based on their job, age, gender, status or even religious beliefs. For an example red is considered to be a colour of celebration for Indians where black is considered to be colour of mourning. In cosmetic fields, the choice of Aishwariya Rai to represent L’Oreal Paris is also a symbol of Indian beauty. When producing colour cosmetics these perceptions are taken in to account as it drives the consumer demand. L’Oreal has large range of colour pallets to suite specific Indian consumer preferences. For an example introduction of gold and colors, jade, Indian pink, turquoise, orange and browns for Indian cosmetic markets. . Fair Skin Syndrome : Almost all cultures around the world have a preference towards fair skin tone. The desire for pale skin amongst Indians are emerging from the history where based on the complex social hierarchy or the cast system. In addition to this history of colonization by lighter-skinned invaders from the west for 200 years, the concept of fairness being superior is embedded deep within the Indian psyche. According to Mr. Venkatramani who oversees the skin care category at Unilevers Indian unit, the definition of beauty in the Western world is linked to anti-aging, where In Asia, its all about being two shades lighter†. Skin lightening creams are by far the most popular categories in India skin-care market and valued at $318M. LOreal has identified this huge market potential and has entered this specific market 1st with â€Å"Garnier† and next with their super highend line â€Å"Vichy†. However, L’Oreal products so far have a small market share. The major players in this segment are Lakme, Ponds, Fair Lovely with a 50 percent market share, followed by players such as Nivea, Godrej and  Revlon. Beliefs and Attitudes Harmful chemicals in cosmetics: Customer possesses specific belief and attitude towards various products mostly driven by cultural norms. These beliefs and attitudes make up brand image and affect consumer buying behaviour. Even though cosmetic products are regulated and tested prior to be made available in the markets, there are still concerns amongst consumers regarding the presence of harmful chemicals in these products. Since consumer protection regulations with regards to cosmetic product are not present in India, Indian consumers are much more reluctant to accept safety of cosmetic products. L’Oreal has identified theses consumer concerns and has taken steps to gain consumer confidence for their products by promoting the concept of â€Å"caring through makeup† by highlighting the products’ natural ingredients when advertising. Ayurvedic/Herbal Products are good for the skin :Ayurveda is known to originate in India around 1500 BC influenced by Hindu religion and is embedded in to the Indian culture. Products that initially originated as Ayuvedic medicine expanded to herbal products and herbal cosmetics. The Indian â€Å"herbal† care market is currently valued at $630 million. Bhattacharya,2007) Made from natural local herbs extracts or plants like Turmeric, honey, tulsi, pudina, saffron, herbal/ ayurvedic products are very close to Indian consumers. Indian women influenced by Ayurwedic treatments use herbs and natural ingredients as part of their beauty care. Taking the opportunity of growing concerns of harmful chemical in cosmetics consumer p references Indian Herbal/ ayurvedic cosmetic producers like Himalaya, Lotus and Jovel are drawing customers to their all natural cosmetic products. Even the existing players too have expanded their range to include herbal variants for an example Hindustan Lever recently introduced the herbal version of Fair Lovely fairness creme. L’Oreal has more than 70% certified organic ingredients in their products. L’Oreal brand Body Shop recently introduced its Ayuvedic product range â€Å"Nutriganics â€Å"to attract this consumer segment. Social Factors Boom in Salon Care :For a customer who needs more than a trim, a visit to a hairdresser in India has traditionally been something of a hair-raising experience. O’Connor, 2010) However, beauty salons in India are no longer only about the usual hair cut-and-dry routine. With the out-look towards personal grooming and beauty is changing in the Indian society. Beauty is no longer for the rich and famous. With the boom in the salon and spa industry there is large demand for salon and spa care products in India. L’Oreal salon care products lead in this industry be cause they were the trend setters where they opened up the L’Oreal Hair Beauty Academy to train salon professionals in 2006. Over the past decade they have trained close to 30,000 professionals. Today, LOreal markets its range of specialized hair care products exclusively through salons and beauty parlours. LOreal currently is the only company in the market that has a hair colour range tailored exclusively for parlours. Bollywood Influence on Cosmetic Industry :Indian film industry â€Å"Bollywood† has a tremendous influence on the growth of the cosmetic industry in India. Actors and actresses are considered as style icons of youth of India. L’Oreal has identified the impact of Bollywood and movie star glamour on building consumer confidence as well as improving sales of their cosmetics range. L’Oreal has selected young and trendy Sonam Kapoor and Miss World pageant winner and established Bollywood actress Ayishwarya Rai and Bollywood heartthrob John Abraham to endorse their new product lines. Refer Appendix 4 Packaging : Packaging is an integral part of the product and identity. It also preserves efficacy and performance in different local conditions of storage, distribution and use. Given the price-sensitivity of the Indian consumers, they do not normally prefer to spend a large sum of money at one time. Hence, many cosmetic and toiletries companies launched their products in smaller pack sizes to make them more affordable and attractive to the average consumers. By selling products in tubes instead of bottles, for example, or by using smaller-format bottles or sachets, L’Oreal is able to offer consumers in all markets innovation at the right price Trends: Trends are long lasting because they emerge from collective needs of consumers that is part of their culture. With the popularity of satellite Television and a wide variety of television channels as well as Internet, more and more Indian consumers are constantly exposed to wide variety of global cosmetic brands creating more brand awareness which often translates to sales. They are linked to consumers’ behaviour and psychological patterns that refect their unique culture. With the increased exposure to global fashion trends, lifestyle trends and glory in international beauty pageants, has given a boost to the Indian cosmetic industry. The Young Indian population are more interested in keeping up with global fashion trends such as whitening boom, eco friendly trend, natural trend, peter pan trend as well as neo-femininity trends. Refer Appendix 5. Cosmetic producers such as L’Oreal has been innovative in predicting these trends and making right products available at the right time. Hair Care and styling: As has always been the case in every country since history began, hair still possesses powerful symbolic and reminiscent properties. Dark Eyes, long black hair are two things that are considered as attraction in the Indian culture. At present 85% of Indian women have long hair. Most young girls are encouraged to wear their hair from young age. When maintaining long to medium long hair, hair fall and breakage are main issues faced by Indian women. In the past hair care meant oil massage and shampoo, now more and more users have started adding conditioners to their hair care list. They do like to use hair serums as a way to tame frizz and improve shine. L’Oreal has introduced â€Å"Total Repair 5† shampoo and conditioner to meet these specific consumer demands. Traditionally Indians have been non experimental with hair styling. Due to increase in awareness, with more available global fashion trends, Indian consumers are more open to styling their hair by, perming, colouring, straightening ,re-bonding or even using hair spray, gels and hair cremes. L’Oreal professional dominate these growing markets. L’Oreal has even introduced its Kerastase Institute’s premium hair care service to create more awareness and feed the fashion and beauty aspirations of India consumers. Conclusion India is one of the emerging in the cosmetic industry. Being a country rich in culture there are many elements affecting the consumer purchase decisions. Potential growth in Indian cosmetic market is unlimited. There are lot of customers who have the resources to buy what they want. If company within the marketing industry properly and effectively advertises their products or services, there would be a great demand for them. Therefore, it is important to know how to properly market the specific product within the Indian culture. In conclusion as a global cosmetic brand L’Oreal has been up to date very successful in moving away from its self reference criteria and embracing the Indian culture to gain consumer acceptance. However, the market conditions are fast changing. Hence, continuous efforts needs to be taken to ensure proactive solutions are offered to Indian consumers to capture the growing market share. References Bhattacharya, P. (2006) India’s Cosmetic Market Ready for Big Leap,. Global Cosmetic Industry. Issue 1, Retrieved on :Wednesday, 22 December 2010 from : http://www. cimagazine. com/marketstrends/regions/bric/30806969. html Indias cosmetics market set to grow, (Jan 6, 2008), The Times of India Retrieved on Wednesday, 22 December 2010 from; http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/business/india-business/Indias-cosmetics-market-set-to-grow/articleshow/2678458. cms#ixzz18xh6erla Kotler, P. , et al. ( 2005), Principles of Marketing Sankhe, S. , at all (2010), India’s urban awaken ing: Building Inclusive Cities, sustaining economic growth, Mckinsey Company Retrieved on Wednesday, 25 December 2010 from : ttp://www. mckinsey. com/mgi/reports/freepass_pdfs/india_urbanization/MGI_india_urbanization_fullreport. pdf State of Israel Ministry of Industry Trade Labour, Indian Cosmetics Market – 2004, Retrieved On: Wednesday, 25 December 2010 from : http://www. tamas. gov. il/NR/exeres/2F7DC4F0-48C2-45BE-AFB3-86E5E9CF993C. htm O’Connor, A. (2007), Sharp-eyed L’Oreal gets head start in India, The Sunday Times, Retrieved on Wednesday, 22 December 2010 from; http://business. timesonline. co. uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/consumer_goods/article2980264. ce Appendix 1 L’Oreal Cosmetics Range [pic] Appendix 2 Product Range Appendix 3 Appendix 4: [pic] Appendix 5: Trends Whitening Trend: New Interpretations Pinking White: Beautiful skin is pinkish white,look natural just like a baby’s skin.. radiant like having aura. Healthy Flawless: Beautiful skin is not pale white butradiant and flawless skin. Overall the skin must be healthy Natural White: Beautiful skin is white and bright with fine texture. no need to be white like European people. Must look natural Peter Pan Trend Fear of old age: Fear of old age, wrinkles and aging. Preventative care to slow the aging. Happiness in Life: Remaining attractive to stable happy family life. Fit In/Feel Confident : Feeling less confident with age. Need to look young to catch up with peers of same age. Neo Femininity Trends Femininity Fever : Show feminine side and bring out the sex appeal of women but still have the elements of confidence and modernity Changing perspective of gender role: Support the traditional gender role-cute fragile and lovable rather than being equal to male counterpart Back to Basic Trends Natural Look Emphasize on creating bright and radiant skin. Nude look, flawless finish, groomed and sophisticated. Looking younger, less make-up. Eco-Beauty Trend Using eco friendly products. Go green trend and environment friendly packaging Green cosmetics Natural Trend High perceived benefits like longer lasting beauty. Synthetic products contains chemicals that can harm your health. Ayuwedic products are naturally clean and good for health.

Wuthering Heights3 Essay Example For Students

Wuthering Heights3 Essay Throughout the novel Wuthering Heights, by Emily Bronte, most of the major Chaaracters learn, grow, and change due to the experiences and challenges that they face throughout their lives. Heathcliff transforms from a companion and lover of Catherines to a harsh and brutal adult. When Heathcliff is described, he is said to be a dark-skinned gipsy, in aspect, in dress, and in manners a gentleman, (3, 24-25). He is an outsider from the beginning. Yet, Catherine falls in love with him despite his vagabond (102) appearance. Heathcliffs transaction begins after he overhears Catherine and Nellys conversation on whetehr or not Catherine should marry Edgar Linton. He had listened until he heard Catherine say that it would degrade her to marry him, and then he stayed to hear no farther. Then Heathcliff leaves for three years without a trace. Heathcliff returns as a tall man dressed in dark clothes, with a dark face and hair. (86, 10-11). He was also described as being an unclaimed creature, without refinement, without cultivation;hes a fierce, pitiless, wolfish man. Throughout the three years in which Heathcliff disappeaared, he became exactly what he was scared of as a young boy. Hindly Earnshaw treaated Heathcliff as an outsider, and looked down upon him with hate and disgust. Living through this led Heathcliff tobecome just what Hindly said he was. Heathcliff was told his whole life that he was an outsider and a failure. He eventually transformed into just that. Heathcliff come across as a dark and evil p erson when deep down inside he only wants to be happy with the one he loves. If he was treaated equally in his life, he would not have become the evil man that he did because of this type of behavior would not have been present for him to copy. Heathcliff could have been a good person if the enviornment he grew up in treated him equall despite his differences. We will write a custom essay on Wuthering Heights3 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Bibliography:

51 Euphemisms for Youre Fired

51 Euphemisms for 'You're Fired' A euphemism is a seemingly nice or polite way of expressing a harsh or unpleasant truth.  In the  Oxford Dictionary of Euphemisms  (2007), R.W. Holder observes that euphemism is often the language of evasion, hypocrisy, prudery, and deceit. To test that observation, consider these 51 alternative ways of saying Youre fired.   Dan Foreman:  Guys, I feel very terrible about what Im about to say. But Im afraid youre both being let go.Lou:  Let go? What does that mean?Dan Foreman:  It means youre being fired, Louie.(Dennis Quaid and Kevin Chapman in the movie  In Good Company, 2004) Throughout much of the world, unemployment remains a problem. Yet of all those people who have lost their jobs, few were ever told, Youre fired. Apparently, those day-long seminars in workplace sensitivity have paid off: firing is now as outdated as a defined-benefit pension plan. In its place is a brightly colored file folder filled with smiley-faced  euphemisms. True, a few of the terms sound rather dour and legalistic (involuntary separation, for example, and workforce imbalance correction). A few others are simply perplexing (decruit, lateralize, waive). But many sound as cheery as a year-end bonus: constructive discharge, career alternative enhancement, and- no kidding- free up for the future. Youre not losing a job, these expressions seem to be saying. Youre regaining a life. Euphemisms for Job Termination Here, according to management guides and personnel documents found at a host of online human resources sites, are 51 bona fide euphemisms for job termination. career alternative enhancementcareer change opportunitycareer transitionconstructive dischargeconstructive dismissaldecline a contract extensiondecruitdefunddehirede-selectdestaffdischargediscontinuedownscaledownsizeearly retirement opportunityemployee transitionend of a trial periodexcessingfree up for the futureindefinite idlinginvoluntary separationlateralizelet gomake internal efficienciesmake redundantmanage downnegotiate a departureoutplaceoutsourcepersonnel realignmentpersonnel surplus reductionrationalize the workforcereduce headcountreduce in force (or  riffing)re-engineer the staffreleaserelieve of dutiesreorganize (or  re-org)reshufflerestructureretrenchrightsizeselect outseparateskill-mix adjustmentstreamlinesurplusunassignwaiveworkforce imbalance correction Forget those condescending reminders that youre now free to pursue other interests and spend more time with the family. As anyone who has ever lost a job is keenly aware, euphemisms such as these rarely achieve their goal of softening the blow. The terms that  we  use for getting fired tend to be  dysphemisms: sacked, dumped, bounced out, canned, axed, eighty-sixed, and given the old heave-ho. More About Euphemisms and Dysphemisms Why Do We Use Euphemisms?Euphemisms, Dysphemisms, and Distinctio: Soggy Sweats Whiskey SpeechSoft Language

The Best AP Psychology Study Guide

The Best AP Psychology Study Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP courses cover a lot of complex information, and it's not always easy to find great study materials and strategies. I've written this AP Psychology study guide as a way to make the process of studying for the AP test and other in-class assessments a little less overwhelming. It will help you figure out how to structure your studying, give you strategies to better understand the material, and provide links to notes and practice resources. If you follow the advice in this guide, you'll be on your way to a high score! What’s in This Study Guide? This guide will help you study for the AP Psychology exam and other assessments in your class by providing study strategies and other resources that pertain to the material covered in the course. In the first section, you'll learn how to create a study plan for the exam that supports your needs as a student. This section applies exclusively to the final AP exam, so it's less relevant if you’re just studying for an in-class test. The next section provides study tips that are specific to AP Psychology and will serve you well as you prepare for both in-class tests and the final exam. The last part of the guide is devoted to notes, outlines, videos, and other online resources that will be useful in your studying. AP Psychology Study Plans Before you start studying, you should know the difference between where you are in your knowledge of the material and where you want to be. Find a practice test in a review book or online, print it out, and take it as though it were the real AP Psychology test (70 minutes for the 100 multiple-choice questions and 50 minutes for the two free-response questions). If it’s from a review book, the book should guide you in calculating your score. If not, you can use this chart to estimate your AP score: Composite Score AP Score 113-150 5 93-112 4 77-92 3 65-76 2 0-64 1 To calculate your composite score, first add up all the multiple-choice questions you answered correctly. Then, convert the number of points you earned on the free-response questions to a value out of 50. For example, if you got 8 out of 15 points on the two free-response questions, you would convert that to about 27 out of 50. Add those two numbers together to get your composite score. Depending on how much you need to improve and the amount of time you have before the test, you might choose to structure your studying in different ways. I’ll go through a 10-hour plan and a 20-hour plan. The shorter plan is for students hoping to improve by one AP point or raise their score within the same AP range so that they feel more comfortable during the test. The longer plan is for students hoping to improve by two or more AP points (and can be extended further if necessary). I know this doesn't seem like much time, but a few hours of focused studying goes a long way for this particular subject. Psychology is one of the shorter AP tests (just two hours total), so practice testing won't be as long of a process. Additionally, questions tend to be based on memorization of definitions of terms and some logical reasoning. There aren't as many complex thought processes involved. Overall, AP Psychology is considered one of the easier AP tests. Most students will probably be able to earn a high score (4 or 5) by studying for 10 hours or less. 10-Hour Study Plan Take a diagnostic test (2 hours) Score the test and analyze your mistakes (1.5 hours) Study content and revise strategy, keeping in mind your mistakes on the diagnostic test (2 hours) Take another practice test (2 hours) Score the test and analyze your mistakes (1.5 hours) Final study session to clear up any issues you had on the second test (1 hour) 20-Hour Study Plan Take a diagnostic test (2 hours) Score the test and analyze your mistakes (1.5 hours) Study content and revise strategy, keeping in mind your mistakes on the diagnostic test (3 hours) Take another practice test (2 hours) Score the test and analyze your mistakes (1.5 hours) Study areas of content where you’re still missing questions, do practice questions, continue to revise strategy (3 hours) Take a third practice test (2 hours) Score the test and analyze your mistakes (1.5 hours) Final study session to clear up any confusion (1.5 hours) Wrap up your studying with a final practice test (2 hours) Each of these plans has the same basic components, but the second one allows you to spend more time studying content and has more room for additional practice tests. If you’re trying to improve by 2 or more AP points, it’s likely that there are some major gaps in your content knowledge that warrant additional studying. It’s extremely important to document and analyze your mistakes on each practice test if you’re hoping to make big improvements. Mistakes come in several different forms, and you should be aware of this so that you can make appropriate changes to your test-taking strategy and study plan after each practice test. If the majority of your incorrect answers are the results of careless mistakes or poor time management, the solution to your problem isn't necessarily more content review. These types of mistakes respond better to additional practice testing that increases your familiarity with time limits and question formats. If, on the other hand, you find that all or most of your incorrect answers are due to gaps in content knowledge, you can use this information to focus your studying on the areas that cost you the most points. I’d recommend categorizing your mistakes so that you know where to direct your studying. In this case, you might not need to make many modifications to your actual test-taking strategy. Most students will have a mixture of both types of mistakes, but it's good to be mindful of where your biggest problems lie so that you can tackle them more efficiently. Writing down your study plan or scheduling it in a planner will help you stay on task. Yesssss. Become one with the stock photo. 4 AP Psychology Study Tips Before you start studying content for AP Psychology, I want to give you a few studying and test-taking tips that will help you get the most out of your time. Here are some pointers to keep in mind when preparing for the AP test and any other in-class assessments throughout the year: Tip #1: Terms Are Super Important You’ll need to have extensive knowledge of the definitions of psychological terms for both the multiple-choice and free-response sections of the test. Some definitions are relatively intuitive, but others are almost impossible to figure out if you haven't studied them directly. Be meticulous about going over all terms covered by the class so that you don’t second guess yourself on the test. This is especially important for free-response questions, where you’ll be asked to describe how terms relate to certain situations. You need to understand them beyond just the ability to pick their correct definitions out of a multiple choice lineup. Flashcards are a very useful study tool for AP Psychology. Tip #2: Make the Abstract Concrete With all the confusing terminology involved in this course, it's easy to get mixed up and think that a term means one thing when it really means another. Since psychology deals with how people act and process information on a day-to-day basis, it’s a great idea to connect terms to specific scenarios in your life. For example, you might connect a term like â€Å"reciprocity norm,† which says that people tend to treat others the same way they have been treated, to a situation where a store employee was rude to you. Maybe they received poor treatment from other customers and were reflecting that back onto you (they also could just be a jerk, but it’s nice to give people the benefit of the doubt). When you make this type of connection, the term becomes stickier in your memory because it’s tied to the heavy weight of a real life experience. You can practice applying psychology terms to your everyday life at any time because the concepts are constantly demonstrated all around us. I don't mean that you should literally make things concrete. However, even this picture could be relevant because it looks like a scene from some sort of serial killer horror movie. You can use it to remember Antisocial Personality Disorder. Tip #3: Logic, Logic, Logic Remember to listen to your common sense when answering questions. In some cases on the AP exam, you can figure out the answer with nothing but a little bit of logic. It’s common for students to forget this and start to worry if they don’t know what every part of the question means. Take a step back, and think about which answer makes the most sense based on what you do know. You may be surprised by how many questions you can answer this way. Here's an example (which I used in my AP Psychology review article as well) of what I'm talking about: There are a few complex terms involved, and the question might seem wordy, but it's actually very basic. When they were scared, the monkeys preferred the soft cloth mother over the uncomfortable wire mother with food. Logically, we can conclude that the answer is B. Overthinking is the downfall of many high-achieving students, so don't start to doubt yourself just because the answer seems "too simple" to you! Tip #4: Complete Sentences, Not Complete Essays Although this isn’t really a study tip, I think it’s important to know before the exam. It probably also applies to in-class tests. Psychology is about your grasp of science, not English, so don't bother with introductions, conclusions, or any other fluff surrounding your answers on free response questions. All you need to do is give a direct answer in a complete sentence. You’ll save time and make it easier for the graders to give you points. It’s smart to get used to doing this on practice free-response questions so that you'll be a pro by exam time. Get to the point(s). AP Psychology Content: Notes, Outlines, and Videos Here are some resources that cover all the content you'll see on the exam. I’ve also included the percentage of exam questions that deal with each topic. Depending on your learning style, you might decide to look at written notes or follow along with a video in areas where your understanding is weaker. You can also use these resources throughout the year to review for in-class assessments. If you had difficulty understanding a concept as it was taught to you in class, you might use the notes and videos in this article to access alternative explanations. You could also use them to supplement your studying if you found that you were consistently coming up with incorrect answers to questions in a certain topic area on quizzes or practice tests. History and Approaches (2-4% of exam) WikiNotes PowerPoint Video Research Methods (8-10% of exam) WikiNotes PowerPoint Video Biological Bases of Behavior (8-10% of exam) Wikinotes Neural Processing and the Endocrine System The Brain Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology, and Behavior PowerPoint Video Sensation and Perception (6-8% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video States of Consciousness (2-4% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Learning (7-9% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Cognition (8-10% of exam) Wikinotes Memory Thinking, Problem Solving, Creativity, and Language PowerPoint Video Motivation and Emotion (6-8% of exam) Wikinotes Motivation Emotions, Stress, and Health PowerPoint Video Developmental Psychology (7-9% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Personality (5-7% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Testing and Individual Differences (5-7% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Abnormal Psychology (7-9% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint (Part 1 and Part 2) Video Treatment of Psychological Disorders (5-7% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Social Psychology (8-10% of exam) Wikinotes PowerPoint Video Overall Review AP Psychology Full Review Sheet List of Terms and People to Remember Full Playlist of Crash Course Psychology Videos The way your brain works is a puzzle, but you can solve it with the magic of psychology! ISN'T LEARNING FUN? Resources to Test Your Knowledge If you're unsure of where to start with your studying or prefer to learn in a more interactive way, here are some additional online resources for reviewing concepts and taking practice tests: College Board The College Board site has real AP Psychology free-response questions with answer guides from 1999 to 2017. You can also access the latest AP Psychology course description for sample multiple-choice questions and answer explanations. Barron’s Take a free full-length AP Psychology practice test on the Barron’s website. It’s automatically graded for you! Disclaimer: If you use this resource, make sure you supplement the practice test with other official practice tests from the College Board. Unofficial practice test questions created by prep companies are not always accurate representations of the format and content of the real test. Albert.io This site includes practice questions that cover all the topics in AP Psychology. It divides them into easy, medium, and hard difficulty levels and records how many questions within each level you’ve answered correctly. This makes it simple to gauge which areas need the most work. Quizlet This site has a bunch of sets of Flashcards with AP Psych terms to help you practice. Here’s a strong set of flashcards based on the Myers textbook. And here's another that goes through all the famous psychologists you should know. Varsity Tutors This site has several diagnostic tests to help you get a feel for how much you know already (they’re not complete AP tests, but they’re a nice way to assess your knowledge briefly between full practice test sessions). It also has a bunch of mini quizzes organized by topic area and labeled based on difficulty level. Flashcards for AP Psychology terms and concepts are included here as well. The AP Psychology Commune (I’m Not Kidding) This amazingly ridiculous site has self-grading multiple-choice quizzes for AP Psychology. I encourage you to check out the rest of the site as well for a journey into madness that will permanently scare you off drugs. High School Test Prep This site has lots of free practice tests organized by topic area. You’ll get immediate feedback with detailed answer explanations as you go along. A whole internet's worth of AP Psychology practice resources are at your poorly-photoshopped fingertips! Conclusion Following the advice in this study guide is a promising step towards a high score on the AP Psychology test and other tests throughout the school year. AP Psychology is a completely manageable subject if you prepare for the exam responsibly. Memorizing key terms, applying concepts to your everyday life, using common sense to solve practice questions, and staying focused on the free-response section will all contribute to your success in class and on the AP test. After reading this article, you should have everything you need to successfully answer even the most challenging questions the College Board throws at you! What's Next? For more information on how to prepare for the AP Psychology exam, check out my comprehensive review guide. Are you looking for some review books to supplement your studying? Read about the best review books for AP Psychology. You can also try our articles on specific psychology topics, like this one about Stockholm Syndrome. If you're still trying to decide how many AP classes you should take in high school, read this article for some great advice! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

EU Economy Issues and Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

EU Economy Issues and Policies - Essay Example ship and they include: Macedonia, Iceland, Serbia, Turkey and Montenegro and have also started negotiations for membership except Macedonia (Archick, 2005 p.255). Other countries that have signed Stabilizations and Association Agreements (SAA) with the European Union include; Western Balkans, Bosnia, Albania and Herzegovina. This agreement is a prerequisite for lodging membership applications thus are considered potential candidates. Many analysts have argued that the South-eastern enlargement of the European Union is not only a test for the European Union, but also for the member states and candidates as well. According to Nuroglu & Kurtagić (2012 p.42), this kind of enlargement with candidates as well as potential candidates is estimated to increase the number of population by 19%, the European Union area by 25%, and the absolute gross Domestic Product by 5% (Nuroglu & Kurtagić, 2012 p.42). Even though the accession time is not known yet, the European commission is contemplating starting with the first three applicants: Montenegro, Croatia and Iceland (Nuroglu & Kurtagić, 2012 p.43). It is however important to note that the GDP income for the countries are 3 times below 27 member EU average (Nuroglu & Kurtagić, 2012 p.43). This forms the basis of sceptics argument and question that â€Å"why expand the EU at all? (Nuroglu & Kurtagić, 2012 p.43). The following discussion looks into these is sues into details and outlines the compelling economic arguments in support of European Union enlargement. Proponents of European Union enlargement argue that such successful accession would accumulate a lot of benefits not only to the members of the union but also to the individual citizens. However, some economic analysts have differed with this point of argument stating that such enlargement would not benefit the European Union but the new members due to their small size economy and population. The main economic arguments for further enlargement of the European Union are